System of electrical distribution.



' No. 740,189. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

0. B. SHALLENBBBGER. SYSTEM OF ELECTRICALDISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 4, 1890.

10 MODEL.

z'fnesse I m: scams PZTERS mic-rams" WASHINGTON, n. c.

Ito. tfitiii. E'atented September Q9, 1963.

NITED STATES PATENT- OFFicE.

OLIVER B. SHALLENBERGER, OF ROCHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR,

BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- TION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 740,189, dated September 29, 1903.

Application filed September 4, 1890. Serial No- 363,957. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: continue to flow through the reactive device Be it known that I, OLIVER B. SHALLEN- to the remaining translating devices. 5 BERGER, a citizen of the United States, and a The invention will be more particularly deresident of Rochester, in the county of Beaver scribed in connection with the accompanyand State ofPennsylvania, have invented cering drawing, which is a theoretical diagram tain newand usefullmprovements in Systems illustrating a method or carrying the invenof Electrical Distribution, of which the foltion into practice. lowing is a specification. Referring to the drawing, A represents a The invention relates to certain improvedynomo-electric generator or other suitable IO ments in those systems of electrical distribusource of alternating electric currents, and

tion by alternating, intermittent, or undu- L L a circuit derived therefrom. Translatlatory electric currents which provide for so ing devices-such, for instance, as incandes operating electric lamps in series that the circent electric lamps-are shown at d 01 85c. cuit connections for each lamp will be main- These are connected in series in the lines L 15 tained complete independently of the opera- L A reactive device or current-modifier T tion of the other lamps. is provided for each lamp or group of lamps.

The object of the invention is to provide These consist of coils f of insulated wire economical means for operating isolated in- Wound about or suitably disposed with refercandescent electric lamps or isolated groups ence to a core 0. The translating device (1' 20 of lamps or other translating devices, and esis connected in shunt upon a portion of the pecially to provide for connecting in series coilsfof the reactive device 1', as shown by with each other devices requiring different the conductorse e leading to the points 1 7o currents. Thus, for example, it may be deand 2. The coils and cores are so related sired to place at one point a lamp requiring and proportioned to each other and to the 25 1.5 amperes, at another a lamp requiring electromotive force to be employed and the three amperes, and at another a lamp requirnumber of alternations of the current and the ing but one ampere, and to operate all of number of devices to be,used in series that these on a circuit supplied with a constant the current traversing the circuit will maincurrent of, say, 1.5 amperes. This invention tain a suflicicnt difference of potential be- 0 provides such a system, and further provides tween the points 1 and 2 to cause the required that in case any lamp in the series should becurrent to traverse the corresponding transcome inoperative the circuit connections to atin g device included between these points. the other lamps will still remain complete'and Theshunted and unshunted portions of the their normal operation continued. coil may to a certain extent be regarded as 5 In carrying the invention into practice a the primaryand secondarycoils, respectively, number of translating devices are connected of a converter. If the unshunted portion f in series and the terminals of the conductors be equal to the shunted portion f in the case leading to each translating device or group of of the lamp d, then a current of 1.5 amperes translating devices are connected at proper traversing the portion c will be added to the 0 points with the coil of a corresponding reaccurrent of 1.5 amperes induced in the portion tive device orcurrent-modifier. This device f and the resultant current of three amis so constructed that a sufficient difference peres will traverse the lamp cl. If then the 9 of potential will be maintained between the circuit through the lamp d be interrupted points of attachment to cause the required and the shunt thereby opened, then the en- 45 current to traverse the corresponding transtire current will traverse the entire length of lating device as long'as its circuit connecthe coilf. The apparent difierence of potentions are complete, and when the translating tial at the terminals of the coilf will now be device is out of circuit a normal current will considerably greater than before, and the core will attain a much higher degree of magnetic saturation, and the current passing through the entire coil will be approximately the same as that which formerly traversed the portion fthat is to say, 1.5 amperes.

For the purpose of Varying the current which may be required for any given lamp the relative lengths of the shunted and unshunted portions of the coil may be varied. Means for accomplishing this are indicated in connection with the lamp d This consists of a switch If and contact-points t, connected with different points in the length of the coil f. By including more or less of the coil the current caused to traverse the translating device may be decreased or increased, and the translating device in that circuit will alone be affected. By applying this feature to all the coils the number of translating devices which maybe normally connected in a given circuit may be readily varied without changing the value of the applied electromotive force.

In the case of the lamp d a slightly-different arrangement is shown, in that the lampterminals are connected through the entire length of the coil, while the main-line circuit includes only a portion f If the latter portion be such that the difference of potential at its terminals be but 33.3 volts, for instance, and the remaining portion f of the coil be half the length of the portion f then there will be added to the normal applied electromotive force of 33.3 volts an induced electromotive force of 16.6 volts, making approximately fifty volts applied to the lamp-terminals. If the current traversing the circuit be 1.5 amperes, then .5 of an ampere will pass through the portion f of the coil and one ampere will traverse the lamp and the portion f of the coil. It will be seen thus that this invention readily adapts itself to various different requirements of lamps or translating devices both as regards electromotive force and quantity of current.

The lamps d d d", and d and the currentmodifiers shown in connection therewith are combined and included in the circuit substantially in accordance with the system set forth in my Patent No. 390,990, issued October 9, 1888. These particular devices form no part of my present invention and are shown merely for the purpose of illustrating generally a plurality of translating devices included in series in a constant-current circuit.

For convenience of illustration the cores 0 are represented in the drawing as being straight. It will be understood, however,

that in practice they should preferably be constructed as closed magnetic circuits.

I claim as my invention 1. In asystem of electrical distribution, the combination with a source of alternating electric currents, of a main-line circuit, a plurality of translating devices connected in series in said circuit, a plurality of reactive devices, each consisting of a magnetizable core-and a unidirectional coil permanently in circuit with the source of current, a portion of said coil being connected both in the main circuit and in shunt to a corresponding translating device, the cores and coils of said reactive devices being so proportioned and disposed that a'ditference of potential will be developed at the terminals of each shunt sufficient to cause the desired quantity of current to traverse the corresponding translating device when in circuit, and, when not in circuit, to permit sufiicient current to traverse the coil to furnish the normal current to the remaining translating devices in circuit.

2-. The combination with a source of alternating electric currents, of a main circuit supplied thereby, a plurality of translating devices connected in said circuit in series, a plurality of reactive devices each consisting of a core and a unidirectional coil permanentlyin circuit with said source of current,

a portion of said coil constituting both a shunt to a corresponding translating device and a portion of the main circuit, and means for varying the length of such portion of one or more of the reactive coils.

3. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with a source of alternating currents, of a main circuit supplied thereby, a plurality of translating devices connected in series in said circuit, a current-modifier for each translating device consisting of an iron core and a unidirectional coil of wire disposed about the same, said coil being connected to the terminals of the corresponding translating device and to the main circuit at two points, only one of which is coincident with a translatingdevice point of connection, whereby the currents supplied to said translating devices are rendered cit-her greater or less than the main-line current.

4. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with a source of alternating currents, of a main circuit supplied thereby, a plurality of translating devices connected in series in said circuit, a current-modifier for each translating device consisting of an iron core and a unidirectional coil of wire disposed about the same, said coil being connected to the respective terminals of the corresponding translating device and to the main circuit at two points only one of which is coincident with a translating-device point of connection, and other translating devices requiring different electromotive forces of different amounts of current connected in the same circuit.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 20th day of August, A. D. 1890.

OLIVER B. SHALLENBERGER.

Witnesses:

H. B. SHALLENBERGER, JAMES W. SMITH. 

